目的 探讨肌肉收缩与舒张练习（applied muscle tension,AMT）干预对无偿全血献血者状态-特质性焦虑量表（state trait anxiety inventory,STAI）得分、血管弹性的影响并分析最佳收益人群。方法 前瞻性选择2023年8月—2024年9月参与献血的600例献血者作为研究对象,按照中央随机系统对人员进行随机分组,分为研究组和对照组,每组300例。对照组给予献血者普通的护理方式完成献血,研究组在对照组的基础上给予AMT干预完成献血。分析比较两组献血者采血前后血压和脉率变化情况、STAI得分、血管情况、不良反应情况及影响因素Logistic回归分析。结果 研究组收缩压差和脉率差与对照组相比有明显差异,而两组献血者舒张压差比较差异不明显;采血前,两组献血者STAI-S和STAI-T比较无明显差异;采血后,两组献血者的STAI-S和STAI-T均显著降低,且研究组STAI-S和STAI-T得分低于对照组;采血前,两组献血者血管情况如血管管径、血流速度、血管粗细和血管弹性情况等无显著性差异;采血后,研究组的血管管径较对照组粗,血流速度较对照组慢,血管粗、清晰的人数及血管弹性好的人数明显高于对照组,且采血后的数值优于采血前;对照组献血者不良反应总发生率高于研究组。初次献血、女性,年龄范围（18~30岁）,体重<55 kg、在校学生是献血不良反应的主要影响因素。结论 肌肉收缩与舒张练习干预对无偿全血献血者可以改善STAI得分,提高血管弹性,初次献血、女性,年龄范围（18~30岁）,体重<55 kg、在校学生是献血不良反应的主要影响因素,应对这类献血人群多加关注。AMT可以有效降低不良反应发生率。

Objective Study the effect of applied muscle tension (AMT) intervention on the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) score, vascular elasticity, and optimal benefit population of unpaid whole blood donors. Methods Prospectively select 600 blood donors who participated in blood donation from August 2023 to September 2024 as research objects, and randomly divide them into research group and control group according to the central random system, with 300 cases in each group. The control group received regular care for blood donation patients to complete blood donation, while the research group received AMT intervention to complete blood donation on the basis of the control group. The research group continued training for 2 months. Analyze and compare the changes in blood pressure and pulse rate, STAI score, vascular condition, adverse reactions, and influencing factors of two groups of blood donors before and after blood collection using logistic regression analysis. Results The research group showed a significant difference in systolic blood pressure difference and pulse rate difference compared to the control group, while there was no significant difference in diastolic blood pressure difference between the two groups of donors. Before blood collection, there was no significant difference in STAI-S and STAI-T between the two groups of blood donors; After blood collection, the STAI-S and STAI-T scores of the two groups of blood donors were significantly reduced, and the STAI-S and STAI-T scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group; Before blood collection, there was no significant difference in blood vessel conditions such as vessel diameter, blood flow velocity, vessel thickness, and vessel elasticity between the two groups of blood donors; After blood collection, the vascular diameter of the study group was thicker than that of the control group, and the blood flow velocity was slower than that of the control group. The number of people with thick and clear blood vessels and good vascular elasticity was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the values were better than before blood collectio. The total incidence of adverse reactions among blood donors in the control group higher than in the study group. First-time blood donation, female, age range (18-30 years old), weight<55 kg, and occupation as a school student are the main influencing factors for adverse blood donation reactions. Conclusion Interventions in muscle contraction and relaxation exercises can improve STAI scores, increase vascular elasticity. Primary blood donors, female, age range (18-30 years old), weight<55 kg, and occupation as school students are the main influencing factors for adverse reactions in blood donation. Therefore, more attention should be paid to this type of blood donor population. AMT can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, with the best beneficiaries being young women who donate blood for the first time.