目的: 探讨健康素养多维干预在缓解恶性肿瘤住院患者的心理压力、提高其治疗依从性、提升就医体验、促进医患沟通 等方面的作用。方法: 于2022年2月—2022年10月,选取湖南省肿瘤医院500名恶性肿瘤住院患者,经汉密尔顿抑郁量表（Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, HAMD）、焦虑自评表（Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS）评估,其中有209例患者合并抑郁情绪,107例患者合并焦虑情绪。抑郁及焦虑患者分别随机分为观察组和对照组,对照组进行常规抗癌治疗及护理,观察组在常规抗癌治疗级护理的基础上+3个月的“健康素养”干预（由多学科专家组成的健康素养提升服务团队对患者开展创新性知识服务,提升其健康素养）。评估肿瘤住院患者健康知识需求水平,并比较两组患者干预前后HAMD和SAS量表的评分。结果: 97%患者有健康素养方面的需求;恶性肿瘤合并抑郁情绪患者经3月的健康素养干预后,抑郁情绪评分为（22.12±1.35）分,显著低于干预前（28.03±2.15）;恶性肿瘤合并焦虑患者经3月的健康素养干预后,焦虑情绪评分为（52.31±2.15）分,显著低于干预前（58.76±2.36）。通过提升健康素养的服务,住院患者的健康素养知识显著提升,对疾病的认知度加强,抑郁、焦虑情绪明显改善,对临床治疗的接受度更高。结论: 为患者提供电子文献数据库、开展阅读治疗、开办患者沙龙、举办健康大讲堂等多维度提升健康素养的方式能有效提高肿瘤住院患者的健康素养,缓解患者心理压力,改善抑郁、焦虑情绪。

Objective To explore the role of multidimensional interventions for health literacy in alleviating psychological stress, improving treatment adherence, enhancing medical care experiences, and promoting doctor-patient communication among inpatients with malignant tumors. Methods From February 2022 to October 2022, 500 inpatients with malignant tumors were selected from Hunan Tumor Hospital. They were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS). Among them, 209 patients had comorbid depressive mood, and 107 patients had comorbid anxiety mood. Depressed and anxious patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group separately. The control group received routine anti-cancer treatment, while the observation group received routine anti-cancer treatment plus a 3-month ‘health literacy’ intervention. This intervention involved an innovative knowledge service provided by a health literacy enhancement service team composed of multi-disciplinary experts, aimed at improving the patients’ health literacy. Evaluate the level of health knowledge needs among inpatients with tumors and compare the HAMD and SAS scale scores before and after intervention between the two groups of patients. Results 97% of patients have needs in terms of health literacy. After 3 months of health literacy intervention, the depression score of cancer patients with depressive mood was (22.12±1.35) points, significantly lower than before intervention (28.03±2.15); after 3 months of health literacy intervention, the anxiety score of cancer patients with anxiety was (52.31±2.15) points, significantly lower than before intervention (58.76±2.36). Through health literacy services, the health literacy knowledge of inpatients has significantly improved, their understanding of diseases has been enhanced, depressive and anxious emotions have improved, and their acceptance of clinical treatment has become higher. Conclusion Providing patients with electronic literature databases, conducting reading therapy, opening patient salons, and hosting health lectures can effectively improve the health literacy of hospitalized cancer patients in multiple dimensions, alleviate psychological stress, and improve symptoms of depression and anxiety.