目的: 本研究旨在分析探讨精准心理资本（precision psychological capital intervention,P-PCI）干预模式对阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer's disease,AD）患者照护者的负担、心理状态与生活质量等指标的干预效果。方法: 收集本院2019年5月至2022年10月期间确诊为AD的患者及其照护者为研究对象,患者均行AD常规治疗。采用随机数字表法将患者及其照护者分为行常规护理的对照组（n=37）与在此基础上行P-PCI的观察组（n=41）。通过积极心理资本问卷（positive psychological-capital questionnaire,PPQ）评估照护者心理状态,照护者准备度量表（caregiver preparedness scale,CPS）评估照护者的准备程度,家庭照护者照顾能力量表（family caregiver task inventory,FCTI）评估照护者的照顾能力,照护者负担问卷（caregiver burden inventory,CBI）评估照护者负担,社会支持评定量表（social support rating scale,SSRS）评价照护者的社会支持,世界卫生组织生存质量测量简表（world health organization quality of life brief questionnaire,WHOQOL-BREF）评估患者与照护者生存质量。结果: 干预后,与对照组相比,观察组：（1）PPQ各维度评分自我效能、乐观、韧性和希望,以及总分上升趋势明显;（2）CPS上升趋势,FCTI下降趋势更为明显;（3）CBI各维度时间依赖性、发展受限性、身体性、社交性和情感性负荷评分,以及总分下降趋势明显;（4）SSRS各维度客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度评分以及总分上升趋势更为明显;（5）照护者以及患者的WHOQOL-BREF各维度生理、心理、社会关系、环境评分上升趋势更为明显。结论: P-PCI可通过有效提升AD患者照护者的心理资本,减轻其照顾负担并提高生活质量,进而使患者的生活质量得到改善。
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to analyze the impact and significance of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients on caregiver burden, psychological status and quality of life from the perspective of Precision Psychological Capital Intervention (P-PCI). Methods Patients diagnosed with AD and their caregivers from our hospital between May 2019 and October 2022 were enrolled in the study, and all patients underwent conventional treatment for AD. The patients and their caregivers were divided into a control group (n=37), who underwent usual care, and an observation group (n=41), who underwent P-PCI on top of that, using a randomized numerical table. The psychological status of the carers was assessed by the positive psychological-capital questionnaire (PPQ), the readiness of the carers was assessed by the caregiver preparedness scale (CPS), the caring capacity of the carers was assessed by the family caregiver task inventory (FCTI), the carer burden was assessed by the caregiver burden inventory (CBI), the carer's social support was assessed by the social support rating scale (SSRS), and the WHOQOL-BREF assessed patient/carer quality of survival. Results After the intervention, compared with the Control group, the observation group: (1) showed a significant upward trend in PPQ dimensions: PPQ dimensions: self-efficacy, optimism, resilience, and hope, as well as the total score; (2) showed an upward trend in CPS, and an even more pronounced downward trend in FCTI; (3) showed a significant upward trend in CBI dimensions: time-dependent, developmentally limited, physical, social, and emotional load scores, as well as a significant downward trend in the total score; (4) showed a significant upward trend in all SSRS dimensions: a more pronounced upward trend in the objective support, subjective support, and utilisation of support scores, as well as in the total score; (5) showed a significant upward trend in WHOQOL-BREF score in caregiver's and patient's of all dimensions: trend in the physiological, psychological, social relationship, and environmental were more pronounced upward. Conclusion P-PCI can reduce the burden of caregiving and improve the quality of life of caregivers of patients with AD by effectively enhancing their psychological capital, which in turn leads to improved quality of life for patients.
关键词
精准心理资本干预 /
心理资本 /
阿尔茨海默病 /
照护者负担 /
社会支持
Key words
precision psychological capital intervention /
psychological capital /
Alzheimer's disease /
caregiver burden /
social support
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基金
沧州市科学计划项目“综合性评估在阿尔茨海默病患者慢性伤口中的应用研究”（183302020）
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