目的: 研制适用于社区居民的呼吸道传染病防治素养问卷并进行信效度评价。方法: 依据“知、信、行”理论,通过文献分析,初步拟定问卷条目池。应用德尔菲法对16名专家进行2轮函询,根据专家意见调整问卷内容形成初稿。采用分层随机抽样法,于2024年10月抽取长沙市433名社区居民开展调查,对问卷进行项目分析和信效度检验。结果: 社区居民呼吸道传染病防治素养问卷包括防治知识、防治技能与行为、防治信息获取和评价能力3个维度、36个条目。项目分析和问卷信效度均达到标准。总问卷Cronbach's α系数为0.967,分半信度0.967,问卷信度较好。探索性因子分析共提取3个公因子,累积方差贡献率为61.892%。验证性因子分析显示,各主要评价指标均在判断标准可接受范围[因子载荷为0.626~0.729,卡方自由度比（χ2/df）=1.840,比较拟合指数（CFI）=0.765,非标准拟合指数（TLI）=0.896,近似误差均方根（RMSEA）=0.062,标准化残差均方根（SRMR）=0.064]。问卷的条目水平内容效度指数（I-CVI）为0.87~1.00,平均问卷水平的内容效度指数（S-CVI/Ave）为0.968。结论: 本研究形成的社区居民呼吸道传染病防治素养问卷具有良好信度和效度,可用于评估社区居民呼吸道传染病防治素养水平。
Abstract
Objective To develop a questionnaire on the prevention and control literacy of respiratory infectious diseases for community residents and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods Based on the theory of knowing, believing, and doing, a preliminary pool of questionnaire entries was drawn up through literature analysis. The Delphi method was applied to conduct 2 rounds of correspondence with 16 experts, and the questionnaire content was adjusted according to the experts’ opinions to form the first draft. Using stratified random sampling method, 433 community residents in Changsha City were selected in October 2024 to conduct the survey, and the questionnaire was subjected to item analysis and reliability test. Results The questionnaire on the prevention and control literacy of respiratory infectious diseases for community residents includes three dimensions and 36 items. The three dimensions are prevention and control knowledge, prevention and control skills and behaviors, and the ability to obtain and evaluate prevention and control information. Both the item analysis and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire meet the standards. The Cronbach's α coefficient of the total questionnaire is 0.967, and the split-half reliability is 0.967, indicating good reliability of the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis extracted a total of 3 common factors, with a cumulative variance contribution rate of 61.892%. Confirmatory factor analysis shows that all the main evaluation indicators are within the acceptable range of the judgment criteria (factor loadings range from 0.626 to 0.729, χ2/df=1.840, CFI=0.765, TLI=0.896, RMSEA=0.062, SRMR=0.064). The I-CVI of the questionnaire is 0.87 to 1.00, and S-CVI/Ave=0.968. Conclusions The questionnaire for the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases among community residents formed in this study has good reliability and validity and can be used to assess the literacy level of community residents in the prevention and treatment of respiratory infectious diseases.
关键词
呼吸道传染病 /
防治素养 /
信效度 /
问卷编制
Key words
respiratory infectious diseases /
prevention and control literacy /
reliability and validity /
questionnaire development
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基金
长沙市科学技术局项目“健康乡村背景下湖南省农村居民传染病防治素养现状及对策研究”（Kh2302029）
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