目的: 探讨长沙市某高校大学生的中医体质分布特点与抑郁、焦虑、压力之间的相关性。方法: 采用问卷调查的方法,于2023年10月—2024年4月对长沙市某高校大学生开展现况调查,调查工具包括基本情况、DASS-21量表及中医体质量表。通过χ2检验及二元Logistics回归分析讨论大学生中医体质与抑郁、焦虑、压力情况的相关性。结果: 455名研究对象中平和质占比25.93%,偏颇体质占比74.07%;研究对象轻度抑郁、焦虑、压力情绪分别为11.43%、10.33%、9.01%,中重度及以上抑郁、焦虑、压力情绪分别为16.92%、41.54%、14.73%。平和质与偏颇体质之间的抑郁、焦虑、压力分布情况均具有显著差异（P抑郁<0.001,P焦虑<0.001,P压力<0.001）。以平和质为对照,痰湿质、血瘀质等2种偏颇体质更容易引起抑郁、焦虑两种情绪的发生,气郁质、气虚质、阳虚质、阴虚质、湿热质等5种偏颇体质更容易引起抑郁、焦虑与压力三种情绪的发生,其中以气郁质最为严重。结论: 长沙市某高校大学生群体焦虑情况较为严重;偏颇体质的大学生的心理健康应受到重点关注,气郁质等多种偏颇体质可作为大学生抑郁、焦虑或压力等负面情绪预警的指标。
Abstract
Objective To explore the correlation between the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutions and depression, anxiety, and stress among college students at a university in Changsha. Methods Using a questionnaire survey method, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in a university in Changsha City from October 2023 to April 2024. The survey instruments included basic information, the DASS-21 scale, and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution Questionnaire. The correlation between TCM constitution and depression, anxiety, and stress among college students was discussed through statistical analysis methods such as Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis. Results Among the 455 study subjects, the proportion of balanced constitution was 25.93%, while the proportion of biased constitution was 74.07%. Among the study subjects, the proportions of mild depression, anxiety, and stress were 11.43%, 10.33%, and 9.01%, respectively. The proportions of moderate to severe depression, anxiety, and stress were 16.92%, 41.54%, and 14.73%, respectively. There were significant differences in the distribution of depression, anxiety, and stress between balanced and biased constitutions (Pdepression<0.001, Panxiety<0.001, Pstress<0.001). Compared with the balanced constitution, two types of biased constitutions, phlegm-dampness and blood stasis, were more likely to cause depression and anxiety, while five types of biased constitutions, qi stagnation, qi deficiency, yang deficiency, yin deficiency, and damp-heat, were more likely to cause depression, anxiety, and stress, with qi stagnation being the most severe. Conclusion The anxiety situation among college students in a university in Changsha is relatively serious. The mental health of students with constitutional diathesis deviations should receive special attention, and various constitutional diathesis deviations such as qi stagnation can serve as indicators for early warning of negative emotions such as depression, anxiety, or stress among college students.
关键词
中医体质 /
大学生 /
抑郁 /
焦虑 /
压力
Key words
TCM constitution /
college students /
depression /
anxiety /
stress
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基金
湖南师范大学自然科学研究项目"基于中医体质分型背景下探索脂肪分布与血压昼夜节律问题的关系"(22C0025)
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