目的：探讨手术室护士的伦理敏感性现状,分析其与道德认同和道德困境的关系,为优化护理伦理教育和干预措施提供理论依据。方法：采用横断面研究设计,使用分层随机抽样方法,招募240名手术室护士为研究对象,使用伦理敏感性量表、道德认同量表和道德困境问卷进行数据收集。数据分析采用Pearson相关性分析及多元线性回归分析,以探讨道德认同和道德困境对伦理敏感性的影响。结果：研究结果显示,手术室护士的伦理敏感性总体较高,尤其是31~40岁年龄段护士得分最高（112.78±11.23）。道德认同与伦理敏感性呈显著正相关,内在道德认同的正向影响最为显著（β=0.28,P=0.002）。道德困境则对伦理敏感性具有显著负向影响,尤其是生命延续与终止的决策维度（β=-0.35,P=0.001）。结论：手术室护士的伦理敏感性受到道德认同和道德困境的双重影响,提升道德认同、减少道德困境可有效提高护士的伦理敏感性。本研究为护理管理者制定相关培训和干预策略提供了参考依据。
Abstract
Objective To explore the current status of ethical sensitivity among operating room nurses, analyze its relationship with moral identity and moral dilemmas, and provide a theoretical basis for optimizing nursing ethics education and intervention measures. Methods A cross-sectional study design was used, employing stratified random sampling to recruit 240 operating room nurses as study participants. Data were collected using the Ethical Sensitivity Scale, the Moral Identity Scale, and the Moral Dilemma Questionnaire. Data analysis involved Pearson correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to explore the impact of moral identity and moral dilemmas on ethical sensitivity. Results The study showed that the overall ethical sensitivity of operating room nurses was relatively high, with nurses aged 31-40 scoring the highest (112.78±11.23). Moral identity was significantly positively correlated with ethical sensitivity, with intrinsic moral identity having the most significant positive effect (β=0.28, P=0.002). Moral distress had a significant negative effect on ethical sensitivity, particularly in the dimension of decisions regarding the continuation or termination of life (β=-0.35, P=0.001). Conclusion The ethical sensitivity of operating room nurses is influenced by both moral identity and moral distress. Enhancing moral identity and reducing moral distress can effectively improve nurses' ethical sensitivity. This study provides a reference for nursing managers in formulating relevant training and intervention strategies.
关键词
伦理敏感性 /
道德认同 /
道德困境 /
手术室护士
Key words
ethical sensitivity /
moral identity /
moral distress /
operating room nurses
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基金
江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目“移动APP微视频联合PI法在高职院校的应用研究”（GJJ2208813）
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