目的：全面评估基于“腧穴敏化”理论的穴位贴敷与艾灸联合应用对小儿便秘的有效性及安全性。方法：选取2020年3月——2024年3月于我院就诊的96例小儿便秘患者,随机分为观察组与对照组各48例,观察组依据“腧穴敏化”理论选取敏化穴位行穴位贴敷与艾灸联合治疗,对照组采用常规疗法。观察治疗前后排便间隔时间、每次排便时长、粪便质地（采用Bristol粪便分型标准评估）、排便费力程度（依据患儿排便时表情及用力情况分为轻、中、重三级）,记录治疗过程中有无腹痛、腹胀等伴随症状改善情况,记录总有效率并监测不良反应发生情况。结果：观察组排便间隔时间显著缩短,每次排便时长明显减少,粪便质地更接近正常,排便费力程度减轻,与对照组相比差异显著;伴随症状方面,观察组腹痛、腹胀等改善情况优于对照组;观察组总有效率高于对照组;观察组比对照组的不良反应发生率更低。结论：基于“腧穴敏化”理论的穴位贴敷与艾灸联合治疗小儿便秘效果显著,能有效改善各项便秘相关指标,且具有较高安全性,为小儿便秘治疗提供了一种有效且安全的中医外治方案,值得进一步推广应用。
Abstract
Objective To comprehensively assess the efficacy and safety of the integrated application of acupoint application and moxibustion, grounded in the "acupoint sensitization" theory, in treating pediatric constipation. Methods A total of 96 constipated children were recruited from March 2020 to March 2024. They were randomly assigned to an observation group and a control group, with 48 cases in each. The observation group received acupoint application and moxibustion following the "acupoint sensitization" theory, while the control group received conventional treatment. The specific observation metrics included the pre - and post - treatment intervals between defecations, the duration of each defecation, fecal texture (evaluated according to the Bristol Stool Form Scale), defecation difficulty (categorized as mild, moderate, or severe based on the children's expressions and efforts during defecation), and the alleviation of associated symptoms such as abdominal pain and distension during the treatment period. The overall response rate was calculated, and adverse reactions were closely monitored. Results In the observation group, the interval between defecations was notably shortened, the duration of each defecation was significantly reduced, the fecal texture became closer to normal, and defecation difficulty decreased, showing significant differences compared to the control group. Regarding associated symptoms, the alleviation of abdominal pain and distension in the observation group was more pronounced than that in the control group. The overall response rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group, and the incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group. Conclusion The combination of acupoint application and moxibustion based on the "acupoint sensitization" theory demonstrates remarkable effectiveness in treating pediatric constipation. It can effectively improve various constipation - related indicators and exhibits high safety. This approach offers an effective and safe traditional Chinese medicine external treatment option for pediatric constipation, thus being worthy of further promotion and application.
关键词
腧穴敏化 /
穴位贴敷 /
艾灸 /
小儿便秘 /
有效性 /
安全性
Key words
sensitization of acupoints /
acupoint application /
moxibustion /
constipation in children /
effectiveness /
security
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基金
中国中医科学院科技创新工程课题项目“基于‘肺与大肠相表里’理论探讨健脾益气法对肠道菌群失调合并过敏性哮喘大鼠TLRs/NF-kB信号转导通路及肠道菌群免疫机制研究”（C12021A02502）
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