目的：调查造血干细胞无关供者的心理压力现状,探讨其与领悟社会支持、应对方式之间的关系,并分析其影响因素。方法：采用便利抽样方法,选取2020年8月―2022年12月在湖南省人民医院血液内科进行造血干细胞采集的94名无关供者作为研究对象,运用一般资料调查表、中文版压力知觉量表、领悟社会支持量表及简易应对方式问卷对其进行调查。采用独立样本t检验及单因素方差分析判断不同特征的无关供者在心理压力得分上的差异,采用Pearson相关分析明确无关供者的心理压力与社会支持、应对方式、焦虑、抑郁的相关性,采用多元线性回归分析明确无关供者的心理压力的影响因素。结果：造血干细胞无关供者的心理压力得分总分为（18.74±8.735）分,其中有20人（21.3%）为健康危险性心理压力。单因素分析结果表明,不同年龄、文化程度、职业类型、常住地、献血次数的无关供者心理压力得分差异存在统计学意义（P<0.05）。相关性分析结果表明,无关供者心理压力得分与家庭支持、朋友支持、其他支持、积极应对均呈负相关（r=-0.565~-0.482,P<0.01）,与消极应对呈正相关。多元线性回归分析结果表明,积极应对、朋友支持是影响无关供者心理压力的主要因素（R2=0.373,P<0.001）。结论：造血干细胞无关供者的心理压力处于中等水平,五分之一以上的无关供者存在健康危险性心理压力,并受多种因素影响。医护人员应主动关注无关供者的心理压力水平,结合影响因素制定针对性的心理干预措施,提高无关供者的捐献意愿与体验,推进我国造血干细胞捐献事业高质量发展。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the psychological stress of unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors,explore the relationship between it and social's support and coping style,and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Using the convenient sampling method,94 unrelated donors who underwent hematopoietic stem cell collection in the Department of Hematology of Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from August 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the research objects. The general information questionnaire,Chinese version of Perceived Stress Scale,Perceived Social Support Scale and Simple Coping Style Questionnaire were used to investigate. Independent sample t test and one-way analysis of variance were utilized to determine the difference in psychological stress scores of unrelated donors with different characteristics. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to determine the correlation between psychological stress of unrelated donors and social support,coping style,anxiety and depression. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to determine the influencing factors of psychological stress of unrelated donors. Results The total score of psychological stress of hematopoietic stem cell unrelated donors was (18.74±8.735),of which 20（21.3%）were health risk psychological stress. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the psychological stress scores of unrelated donors with different ages,education levels,occupational types,permanent residence,and times of blood donation. Correlation analysis showed that the psychological stress score of unrelated donors was negatively correlated with family support,friend support,other support and positive coping style（r=-0.565~0.482,P<0.01）,and positively related to negative coping style. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that positive coping style and friend support were the main factors affecting the psychological stress of unrelated donors（R2=0.373,P<0.001）. Conclusion The psychological stress of hematopoietic stem cell unrelated donors is at a medium level,and more than one-fifth of unrelated donors are health risk psychological stress,which is affected by many factors. Medical staff should actively pay attention to the psychological stress level of unrelated donors,and formulate targeted psychological intervention measures combined with influencing factors to improve the donation willingness and experience of unrelated donors and promote the high-quality development of hematopoietic stem cell donation in China.
关键词
造血干细胞 /
无关供者 /
心理压力 /
现状 /
影响因素
Key words
hematopoietic stem cells /
unrelated donor /
psychological stress /
status quo /
influencing factors
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基金
湖南省卫生健康委科研课题“造血干细胞志愿捐献者心理压力状况及干预效果研究”（202114011916）
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