目的：探讨同理心在实习护士人文素养和职业认同间的中介作用,为提高实习护士人文素养提供干预策略。方法：采用便利抽样法选取湖南省3所三甲医院的347名实习护士,采用一般资料调查问卷、护士人文素养自评量表、护生职业认同问卷和杰弗逊共情量表-护生专用版对其进行调查,回收有效问卷288份（83.1%）。结果：实习护士人文素养总分为（224.98±33.11）分,职业认同总分为（62.83±12.04）分,同理心总分为（98.91±17.43）分。实习护士的职业认同与人文素养呈正相关（r=0.594,P<0.01）,与同理心呈正相关（r=0.555,P<0.01）;同理心与人文素养呈正相关（r=0.513,P<0.01）;职业认同不仅可以直接影响实习护士的人文素养,还可以通过同理心的中介作用间接影响实习护士的人文素养,且中介效应占总效应的44.49%。结论：实习护士人文素养处于中等偏上水平。同理心在实习护士职业认同和人文素养间起部分中介作用,护理教育者应该重视对实习护士职业认同和同理心的培养,以提高人文素养,从而提升护理事业整体人文护理水平。
Abstract
Objective To explore the mediating effect of empathy between professional identity and humanistic literacy among nursing students, in order to provide a reference for nursing educators taking targeted measures to improve their humanistic literacy. Methods A total of 347 nursing students from 3 comprehensive tertiary hospitals in Hunan were recruited by convenience sampling. The questionnaires include a general information questionnaire, a Self-Rating Scale of Nurses’ Humanistic Literacy, Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nurse Students and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Nursing Students. Effective questionnaires were obtained from 288 individuals (Effective recovery rate: 83.1%). Results The scores of humanistic literacy, professional identity, and empathy of nursing students were (224.98±33.11), (62.83±12.04), and (98.91±17.43). Professional identity was positively correlated with humanistic literacy (r=0.594, P<0.01), and was positively correlated with empathy (r=0.555, P<0.01). Empathy was positively correlated with humanistic literacy (r=0.513, P<0.01). Professional identity can not only directly affect humanistic literacy of the nursing students, but also indirectly affect humanistic literacy of the nursing students through the mediating effect of empathy, with the mediating value accounted for 44.49% of the total effects effect. Conclusion Humanistic literacy among nursing students is at a medium and above level. Empathy is an mediating variable between professional identity and humanistic literacy in nursing students. Nursing educators should pay attention to the cultivation and development of professional identity and empathy of nursing students, so as to improve their humanistic quality and the overall humanistic nursing level of nursing.
关键词
实习护士 /
人文素养 /
职业认同 /
同理心 /
中介作用
Key words
nursing students /
humanistic literacy /
professional identity /
empathy /
mediating role
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