Objective To understand the current situation of dementia fear in rural elderly people and analyze its influencing factors. Methods A total of 914 elderly people from 18 villages in Hengyang, Chenzhou, Changsha, Yueyang, Shaoyang, and Zhangjiajie under the jurisdiction of Hunan Province were selected by convenient sampling method. They were investigated using the general information questionnaire, Fear of Dementia Scale, Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale, Geriatric Depression Scale-5, Perceived Ageism Scale, and Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire. Results The scores of the 914 rural elderly in fear of dementia were (50.68±8.66), knowledge of dementia (10.19±5.05), social network (11.64±3.25), depression (1.56±0.64), perceived ageism (1.64±1.52) and subjective memory complaints (5.84±2.43). The fear of dementia among rural elderly was negatively correlated with social network, and positively associated with dementia knowledge, depression, perceived ageism, and subjective memory complaint (all P<0.05). Multiple linear stepwise regression results showed that age, sex, sleep status, marital status, family history of dementia, caring dementia, dementia knowledge, social network, perceived ageism, and subjective memory complaint were the influential factors of dementia fear in rural elderly (all P<0.05), which could explain 38.5% of the total variation. Conclusion The fear of dementia of the elderly in rural areas is at a lower middle level. The level of dementia fear is influenced by individual, cognitive, social, and psychological factors. The nursing staff and grassroots managers should pay attention to the rural elderly dementia fear status, improve dementia knowledge, strengthen social support and psychological services, and reduce the level of their dementia fear through targeted intervention measures.
Key words
rural elderly /
fear of dementia /
influencing factor /
investigation and research
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
References
[1] 魏霞霞, 郝志梅, 陈玲, 等. 基于CHARLS 2018数据的老年痴呆患病状况及相关因素分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2022, 49(07): 1327-1332.
[2] 田霄翌, 黄悦勤, 李丹, 等. 内蒙古通辽市老年期痴呆的社会成本研究[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2024, 38: 854-860.
[3] CHEN Y, GAO X, SUN F.Perceived Threat of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias Among Chinese Family Caregivers of Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment[J]. J Gerontol Soc Work, 2024, 67(7): 976-994.
[4] CAUGHIE C, BEAN P, TIEDE P, et al.Dementia Worry and Neuropsychological Performance in Healthy Older Adults[J]. Arch Clin Neuropsychol, 2021, 36(1): 29-36.
[5] HAJEK A, KÖNIG H H. Fear of Dementia in the General Population: Findings from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP)[J]. J Alzheimers Dis, 2020, 75(4): 1135-1140.
[6] KESSLER E M, BOWEN C E, BAER M, et al.Dementia worry: a psychological examination of an unexplored phenomenon[J]. Eur J Ageing, 2012, 9(4): 275-284.
[7] WERNER P, KIM S. How Are Sociodemographic, Health, Psychological,Cognitive Factors Associated with Dementia Worry? An Online Survey Study among Israeli and Australian Laypeople[J]. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2022, 19(18): 11313.
[8] 马秀麟, 姚自明, 邬彤, 等. 数据分析方法及应用[M]. 北京: 人民邮电出版社, 2015: 5-302.
[9] LEE M, JUNG D.Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Fear of Dementia Scale for Community-Dwelling Older Adults[J]. J Nurs Res, 2020, 28(3): e94.
[10] 徐瑞, 李秋芳, 郭菲菲, 等. 痴呆恐惧量表的汉化及信效度检验[J]. 护理学杂志, 2021, 36(08): 77-80.
[11] ANNEAR M J, TOYE C M, ECCLESTON C E, et al.Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale: Development and Preliminary Psychometric Properties[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 2015, 63(11): 2375-2381.
[12] 张桂菊, 陈颖, 谢舒棠, 等. 痴呆知识评估量表的汉化及信效度研究[J]. 护理研究, 2019, 33(01): 42-45.
[13] Lubben J, Blozik E, Gillmann G, et al.Performance of an abbreviated version of the Lubben Social Network Scale among three European community-dwelling older adult populations[J]. Gerontologist, 2006, 46(4): 503-513.
[14] CHANG Q, SHA F, CHAN C H, et al.Validation of an abbreviated version of the Lubben Social Network Scale (“LSNS-6”) and its associations with suicidality among older adults in China[J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(8): e0201612.
[15] HOYL M T, ALESSI C A, HARKER J O, et al.Development and testing of a five-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale[J]. J Am Geriatr Soc, 1999, 47(7): 873-878.
[16] 叶博, 陈丽丽, 高俊岭, 等. 农村中年和老年人年龄歧视感知与抑郁症状的关系[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 2019, 33(07): 524-529.
[17] YOUN J C, KIM K W, LEE D Y, et al.Development of the Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire[J]. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord, 2009, 27(4): 310-317.
[18] 孟令弟, 冯笑, 刘堃. 主观记忆障碍量表在社区老年人中的信效度评价[J]. 中国现代医学杂志, 2017, 27(19): 120-124.
[19] 杨晓冬, 宋冰, 杨文倩. 健康信念模型视角下健康信息搜寻对不同心理健康促进行为的影响[J]. 新闻大学, 2023: 88-103, 20.
[20] 冉明, 侯铭, 王怡杰, 等. 社区老年人痴呆恐惧与痴呆知识水平的相关性分析[J]. 循证护理, 2023, 9(20): 3731-3736.
[21] 韩月华, 李婷婷, 安若楠, 等. 唐山市养老机构老年人痴呆恐惧现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 军事护理, 2023, 40(08): 10-13.
[22] 白治繁, 韦静, 金鲜珍, 等. 住院老年患者痴呆恐惧现状及影响因素研究[J]. 护理管理杂志, 2024, 24(05): 418-422.
[23] 谭丘羽, 邓一芯, 冀婉倩, 等. 农村老年人自我刻板化与主观记忆抱怨在自我感知老化与痴呆恐惧间的链式中介效应[J]. 护理学报, 2025, 32(01): 56-62.
[24] 曹一茗, 李媞, 陈紫琳, 等. 长沙市老年人痴呆恐惧现状及其相关因素分析[J]. 中华老年医学杂志, 2024, 43: 906-910.
[25] 张睿莹, 王恒旭, 刘丽华. 自我效能感在农村中老年人社会支持与痴呆恐惧间的中介效应[J]. 中华现代护理杂志, 2024, 30(9): 1218-1223.
[26] 王佩, 王青, 赵翠芬, 等. 社区老年人社会隔离的潜在剖面分析及影响因素研究[J]. 护理学杂志, 2024, 39: 14-18.
[27] 朱圆, 王洁, 陈思文, 等. 角色扮演在老年期痴呆患者研究伙伴教育中的应用[J]. 重庆医科大学学报, 2021, 46: 853-857.
[28] 王林林, 高峰, 李志伟, 等. 社区老年人痴呆恐惧与痴呆知识及抑郁情绪的关系研究[J]. 护理管理杂志, 2023, 23(06): 489-493.
[29] BOWEN C E, KESSLER E M, SEGLER J.Dementia worry in middle-aged and older adults in Germany: sociodemographic, health-related and psychological correlates[J]. Eur J Ageing, 2019, 16(1): 39-52.
[30] 韩月华, 李婷婷, 安若楠, 等. 痴呆恐惧检出率及其影响因素的系统评价和Meta分析[J]. 军事护理, 2022, 39(11): 33-37.
[31] DAI H, QIN J, HUANG R, et al.The serial mediating effects of social isolation and resilience on the relationship between fear of dementia and insomnia in community-dwelling older adults[J]. J Adv Nurs, 2023, 79(5): 1994-2003.
[32] 冉明, 董奥, 张智月, 等. 石河子市社区老年人痴呆恐惧现状及影响因素分析[J]. 农垦医学, 2023, 45(04): 326-332, 340.
[33] 吴欢, 周建荣, 谢世麒, 等. 社区老年人痴呆恐惧状况及影响因素研究[J]. 护理学杂志, 2022, 37(02): 85-87.
[34] LIU M, SUN F, LU C, et al.The Influence of Dementia Beliefs and Knowledge on Perceived Dementia Worry: An Empirical Study Among Adults in Rural China[J]. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen, 2022, 37: 15333175221112143.
[35] 赵彤, 李佳祺, 邢凤梅. 老年人感知年龄歧视、抑郁及老化期望的相关性[J]. 护理研究, 2021, 35(11): 2062-2064.
[36] NORMAN A L, WOODARD J L, CALAMARI J E, et al.The fear of Alzheimer's disease: mediating effects of anxiety on subjective memory complaints[J]. Aging Ment Health, 2020, 24(2): 308-314.
PDF(2140 KB)
