Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in alveolar lavage fluid and inflammatory factors in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of neonates with severe pneumonia

YAO Yanli; LI Cungui; KANG Jing; SHI Yanling; CHEN Guo; ZHANG Guofei

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Journal of Hunan Normal University(Medical Science) ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2) : 114-118.

Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in alveolar lavage fluid and inflammatory factors in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of neonates with severe pneumonia

YAO Yanli, LI Cungui, KANG Jing, SHI Yanling, CHEN Guo, ZHANG Guofei

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Abstract

Objective To explore the application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in alveolar lavage fluid and inflammatory factors in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of neonates with severe pneumonia. Methods A total of 200 neonates with severe pneumonia in the hospital and 100 healthy children were retrospectively enrolled as observation group and control group between May 2022 and May 2023, respectively. The detection rates of mNGS results were recorded. The differences in inflammatory factors of alveolar lavage fluid in observation group and serum inflammatory factors in control group were compared. The levels of inflammatory factors in alveolar lavage fluid among neonates with different prognosis were compared, and their evaluation value in prognosis was analyzed. Results The undetected rate by mNGS was lower than that by routine detection, and detected rate of mixed infection was higher than that by routine detection (P<0.05). The levels of inflammatory factors in alveolar lavage fluid in observation group were higher than serum inflammatory factors in control group (P<0.05). The levels of inflammatory factors in alveolar lavage fluid in poor prognosis group were higher than those in good prognosis group (P<0.05). ROC curves analysis showed that area under the curve (AUC) values of inflammatory factors in alveolar lavage fluid for predicting neonatal prognosis were 0.780, 0.835, 0.853, 0.804 and 0.813, respectively (P<0.05). Conclusion The mNGS in alveolar lavage fluid has high diagnostic value in neonates with severe pneumonia, and inflammatory factors in alveolar lavage fluid can effectively evaluate neonatal prognosis, which can be used as an auxiliary method for clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of the disease.

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neonate / severe pneumonia / alveolar lavage fluid / metagenomic next-generation sequencing / inflammatory factor

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YAO Yanli, LI Cungui, KANG Jing, SHI Yanling, CHEN Guo, ZHANG Guofei. Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in alveolar lavage fluid and inflammatory factors in the diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of neonates with severe pneumonia[J]. Journal of Hunan Normal University(Medical Science). 2025, 22(2): 114-118

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