目的: 分析精神分裂症家庭照顾者疾病感知与社会支持的相关性,为家庭照顾者的干预措施提供参考依据。方法: 本研究为横断面调查,通过整群抽样方法选取某三级医院就诊的符合纳入标准的290例精神分裂症家庭照顾者作为调查对象,采用一般资料收集问卷、精神分裂症疾病感知亲属版量表和社会支持评定量表进行问卷调查,采用Spearman相关分析来分析家庭照顾者疾病感知与其社会支持的相关性。结果: 精神分裂症家庭照顾者疾病感知与社会支持的相关性：疾病感知的周期性时间线（rs=-0.423,P<0.05）、后果-亲属（rs=-0.306,P<0.05）、后果-患者（rs=-0.472,P<0.05）、个人指责-患者（rs=-0.443,P<0.05）、疾病一致性（rs=-0.359,P<0.05）、情感表征（rs=-0.312,P<0.05）、症状识别（rs=-0.376,P<0.05）与社会支持总分负向相关性。个人控制-患者（rs=0.429,P<0.05）、治疗/控制（rs=0.386,P<0.05）与社会支持总分呈正向相关性。客观社会支持与后果-亲属（rs=-0.383,P<0.05）呈负向相关性,与治疗/控制呈正向相关性（rs=0.465,P<0.05）。多因素分析结果显示：后果-患者（OR=0.320,95%CI：0.184~0.562）与社会支持呈负向关联性,治疗/控制（OR=2.572,95%CI：1.465~4.516）与社会支持呈正相关。结论: 精神分裂症家庭照顾者社会支持主要与疾病感知的后果-患者呈负相关;社会支持与治疗/控制呈正相关。
Abstract
Objective To analyze the correlation between disease perception and social support among family caregivers with schizophrenia, and provide reference for intervention measures for family caregivers. Methods This study is a cross-sectional survey, using a cluster sampling method to select 290 family caregivers with schizophrenia who met the inclusion criteria from a tertiary hospital as the survey subjects. The survey was conducted using a general data collection questionnaire, the Schizophrenic Disease Perceived Relatives Scale (IPQS), and the Social Support Assessment Scale (SS-A), Use Sperman correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between disease perception and social support among family caregivers. Results The correlation between disease perception and social support among family caregivers of schizophrenia: The periodic timeline of disease perception (r=-0.423, P<0.05), consequences relatives (r=-0.306, P<0.05), consequences patients (r=-0.472, P<0.05), personal blame patients (r=-0.443, P<0.05), disease consistency (r=-0.359, P<0.05), emotional representation (r=-0.312, P<0.05), symptom recognition (r=-0.376, P<0.05), and social support total score are negatively correlated. There is a positive correlation between personal control patient (r=0.429, P<0.05), treatment/control (r=0.386, P<0.05), and total social support score. Objective social support is negatively correlated with outcome relative (r=-0.383, P<0.05) and positively correlated with treatment/control (r=0.465, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis results show that outcome patient (OR=0.320, 95% CI: 0.184-0.562) is negatively correlated with social support, while treatment/control (OR=2.572, 95% CI: 1.465-4.516) is positively correlated with social support. Conclusion The social support of family caregivers for schizophrenia is mainly negatively correlated with the perceived consequences of the disease-patients; Social support is positively correlated with treatment/control.
关键词
精神分裂症 /
家庭照顾者 /
疾病感知 /
社会支持
Key words
schizophrenia /
family caregivers /
disease perception /
social support
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基金
长沙市2024年度指导性科技计划项目“基于住院精神障碍患者人文需求的Whole-HEART护理模式构建及评价”（kzd2401004）;2024年度校院联合基金项目“基于医联体的精神障碍患者恐惧疾病进展风险预测模型的构建与干预研究”（2024XYLH244）
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