目的: 了解造血干细胞移植无关供者心理压力的影响因素,为临床护理工作者制定针对性的心理干预策略提供依据。方法: 采用目的: 抽样法,选取15名一周内完成造血干细胞捐献的无关供者作为研究对象,进行面对面半结构式访谈收集资料,运用现象学分析法对资料进行分析。结果: 访谈结果归纳为六个主题：知识缺乏、负性情绪体验（包括五个亚主题,分别是负罪感、失落感、恐惧感、痛苦与焦虑）、家庭经济支持、家庭成员态度、社会组织支持及政策支持。结论: 捐献过程中,无关供者常承受身体、生活、工作带来的心理压力,医护人员应完善其健康宣教、增强捐献意识;引导正向情绪、做好症状管理;鼓励家属参与、提高家庭支持;加大宣传力度、营造积极的捐献氛围,以促进造血干细胞移植事业的发展。
Abstract
Objective Understand the influencing factors of psychological pressure of donors related to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and provide a basis for clinical nursing workers to formulate targeted psychological intervention strategies. Methods Using the purpose sampling method, 15 unrelated donors who completed hematopoietic stem cell donation within a week were selected as the research object, and the data were collected by face-to-face semi-structural interview method, and the data were analyzed through the phenomenological analysis method. Results The interview content is summarized into six themes: lackof knowledge, negative emotional experience (including five sub-themes, respectively, guilt, loss, fear, pain, anxiety ), family economic support, family member attitude, socialorganization support and policy support. Conclusions In the process of donation, unrelated donors often bear the psychological pressure brought by body, life and work. Medical staff should improve their health education, enhance donation awareness; guide positive emotions, do a good job in symptom management; encourage family members to participate, improve family support, increase publicity; and create a positive donation atmosphere to promote the development of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
关键词
造血干细胞 /
无关供者/非亲缘供者 /
质性研究 /
心理压力
Key words
hematopoietic stem cell /
unrelated donor/non-destined donor /
qualitative study /
psychological stress
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基金
湖南省卫生健康委科研立项课题“造血干细胞志愿供者心理压力状况及干预效果研究”（202114011916）
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