目的: 调查长沙市多地区医院非精神科护士精神卫生知识知晓程度和对精神疾病患者态度,探讨其影响因素。方法: 采用一般资料问卷、精神卫生知识问卷、歧视精神疾病患者评估量表对569名非精神科护士进行系统的数据收集与分析,采用Pearson法分析非精神科护士的精神卫生知识得分与歧视及其三个维度得分的相关性,使用多因素logistics回归分析非精神科护士精神卫生知识、歧视态度的影响因素。结果: 569例非精神科护士的精神卫生知识总正确率为84.6%,总分为（16.9±2.5）分。非精神科护士对精神患者的歧视得分总分为（61.2±10.6）分,其中,隔离维度的歧视得分（31.9±5.1）分,能力维度得分（11.3±2.2）分。发生过逃跑事件（OR=1.632,95%CI：1.086~2.451）、管理者对患者的精神状态进行定期督促检查（OR=2.153,95%CI：1.317~5.681）、人事状态为正式在编（OR=2.671,95%CI：1.341~5.319）和聘用制（OR=2.747,95%CI：1.351~5.590）是非精神科护士的精神卫生知识得分高低的影响因素（P<0.05）。性别（OR=1.118,95%CI：1.118~5.760）、工作年限（OR=1.484,95%CI：1.065~2.069）、发生过毁物事件（OR=0.611,95%CI：0.430~0.870）、精神卫生知识得分（OR=0.518,95%CI：0.368~0.727）是非精神科护士的精神卫生歧视得分的影响因素。结论: 长沙市多地区医院非精神科护士对精神卫生知识知晓率（即正确率）符合政策要求的知晓率,非精神科护士对精神患者持歧视态度,但缺乏必要的同理心和支持态度,需要采取措施进一步改善。
Abstract
Objective To assess the knowledge level of non-psychiatric nurses regarding mental health and their attitudes towards patients with mental illnesses in multiple regions of hospitals in Changsha, and to investigate the influencing factors. Method A systematic data collection and analysis were conducted on 569 non psychiatric nurses using general information questionnaires, mental health knowledge questionnaires, and discrimination assessment scales for mental illness patients. The Pearson method was used to analyze the correlation between mental health knowledge scores and discrimination among non psychiatric nurses, as well as their three dimensional scores. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of mental health knowledge and discrimination attitudes among non psychiatric nurses. Results Among 569 non-psychiatric nurses, the overall accuracy rate for mental health knowledge was 84.6%, with an average score of (16.9±2.5). The non-psychiatric nurses’ total score for discrimination against psychiatric patients was (61.2±10.6), with scores of (31.9±5.1) in the isolation dimension and (11.3±2.2) in the ability dimension. Factors influencing the mental health knowledge scores of non-psychiatric nurses included the occurrence of escape incidents (OR=1.632, 95% CI: 1.086-2.451), regular supervisory reviews of patients' mental states by managers (OR=2.153, 95% CI: 1.317-5.681), formal personnel status (OR=2.671, 95% CI: 1.341-5.319), and employment system (OR=2.747, 95% CI: 1.351-5.590) (P<0.05). Factors influencing the mental health discrimination scores of non-psychiatric nurses included gender (OR=1.118, 95% CI: 1.118-5.760), years of service (OR=1.484, 95% CI: 1.065-2.069), history of vandalism incidents (OR=0.611, 95% CI: 0.430-0.870), and mental health knowledge scores (OR=0.518, 95% CI: 0.368-0.727). Conclusion The awareness rate (i. e. accuracy rate) of non-psychiatric nurses in multiple regions of hospitals in Changsha City regarding mental health knowledge meets policy requirements, Non-psychiatric nurses exhibit discriminatory attitudes towards mental patients and lack the necessary empathy and supportive attitude.
关键词
非精神科护士 /
精神卫生知识 /
精神疾病患者 /
态度
Key words
non-psychiatric nurses /
mental health knowledge /
mental illness patients /
attitude
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基金
湖南省卫生健康委一般指导课题“精神分裂症人文关怀标准化病房建设方案的构建及应用”(D202314057443)
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