目的: 了解湖南省长沙市岳麓区3~5岁儿童乳牙龋病状况,为湖南省口腔健康保健工作及相关研究提供数据支持。方法: 依照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案要求,本研究于 2021年―2022年期间,随机抽取湖南省长沙市岳麓区3、4、5岁常住学龄前儿童共计1 762人（35 240牙）,检查全口乳牙龋情况,计算患龋率、龋均、充填率等。结果: 湖南长沙市岳麓区3~5岁儿童患龋率分别为37.96%、53.70%、59.79%;龋均分别为1.12、2.22、3.05;龋齿充填率分别为2.57%、7.84%、11.80%。3岁组患龋率显著低于4岁组和5岁组;随着年龄增长,龋均递增。公立幼儿园与私立幼儿园龋均之间的差异无统计学意义。3岁组充填率显著低于4岁组和5岁组,4岁组充填率显著低于5岁组。公立幼儿园与私立幼儿园龋齿充填率之间的差异无统计学意义。1 762名学龄前儿童（35 240牙）龋病牙数为3 813,且好发于上颌乳中切牙。结论: 长沙市岳麓区3~5岁儿童乳牙患龋情况较严重,应加强儿童龋病的宣传教育,提高家长及孩子口腔健康意识。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the caries status of deciduous teeth in 3~5 years old children in Yuelu District of Changsha, Hunan province, and to provide data support for oral health care and related research . Methods According to the requirements of the fourth national Oral health Epidemiological survey, A total of 1 762 permanent preschool children (35 240 teeth) aged 3, 4 and 5 years old were randomly selected from Yuelu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province during the period of 2021 to 2022. The caries status of all deciduous teeth was examined, and the caries prevalence rate, average caries and filling rate were calculated. Results The caries prevalence rates of 3 to 5 years old children were 37.96%, 53.70% and 59.79%, respectively in Yuelu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province. ; The mean dmft were 1.12、2.22、3.05 respectively; the filled rates were 2.57%、7.84%、11.80% respectively. The prevalence of caries in the 3-year group was significantly lower than that in the 4-year and 5-year groups. Similar to the prevalence of caries, the mean dmft increased with age. The mean dmft of children in different age groups were statistically significant . There was no significant difference in the mean dmft between public and private kindergartens . The filled rate of the 3-year-old group was significantly lower than that of the 4-year-old group and the 5-year-old group, and the filled rate of the 4-year-old group was significantly lower than that of the 5-year-old group . There was no statistical significance in the filled rate of dental caries between public and private kindergartens . The number of caries in 1 762 preschoolers (35 240 teeth) was 3 813, and they were most common in maxillary deciduous central incisor. Conclusion Children aged 3-5 years old in Yuelu District of Changsha City have a serious decidary tooth caries. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of children caries and improve the oral health awareness of parents and children.
关键词
学龄前儿童 /
乳牙 /
龋病 /
流行病学
Key words
preschool children /
deciduous tooth /
caries /
epidemiology
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基金
湖南省科技厅专项项目“学龄前儿童龋齿防治应用推广科普活动”（2020ZK4073）
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