目的：探讨地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊对不能手术非小细胞肺癌GP化疗致肠道菌落失衡的影响。方法：收集2013年5月~2016年10月我院收治的98例不能手术非小细胞肺癌GP化疗致肠道菌落失衡患者为对象，采用随机数字表法将其均分为对照组及研究组各49例，对照组实施常规药物治疗，研究组另实施地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊治疗，观察治疗后2组肠道菌群测定结果、临床疗效、生活质量［卡氏（KPS）评分］、不良反应及随访生存率。结果：治疗前2组乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、肠杆菌及肠球菌、KPS评分相较无明显差异；治疗后2组乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌较及KPS评分较治疗前明显升高，肠杆菌及肠球菌明显降低，并且治疗后研究组各项指标变化较对照组明显，差异显著；治疗后研究组总有效率85.71%较对照组67.35%明显高；治疗后2组不良反应总发生率相较无明显差异；而研究组治疗后半年随访生存率较对照组明显高，差异显著。结论：地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊治疗不能手术非小细胞肺癌GP化疗致肠道菌落失衡患者，可有效调节机体肠道菌群分布，明显提高临床疗效、患者生活质量及生存率，具有一定安全性。

 Objective To investigate the effect of Bacillus Licheniformis Capsule on dysbiosis of intestinal flora caused by GP chemotherapy for inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods 98 cases of patients who had dysbiosis of intestinal flora caused by GP chemotherapy for inoperable NSCLC and were treated in our hospital from May 2013 to October 2016 were enrolled in the study. By the random number table method, they were divided into the control group and the study group, 49 cases in each group. The control group were treated with routine drugs, and the study group were treated with Bacillus Licheniformis Capsule. The intestinal flora, clinical efficacy, quality of life ［Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score］, adverse reactions and follow-up survival rate in the two groups were observed after treatment. Results There were no significant differences in Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus and KPS between the two groups before treatment. After treatment, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and KPS scores increased significantly, and Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus decreased significantly in the two groups, and the changes were more obvious in the study group than in the control group. After treatment, the total effective rate of treatment in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (85.71% vs 67.35%), and there was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups. The survival rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group in 6 months of follow-up. Conclusion The application of Bacillus Licheniformis Capsule in the treatment of dysbiosis of intestinal flora caused by GP chemotherapy for inoperable NSCLC can effectively regulate the intestinal flora, and improve clinical efficacy, quality of life and survival, with certain safety.