Abstract：Objective To explore the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus on the neonatal heart and the risk factors for developing neonatal cardiac damage. Methods General data, maternal data and cardiac ultrasound data of 582 newborns in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University from 2018 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed; Depending on whether the mother of the newborn is comorbid with gestational diabetes, were categorized into gestational diabetes group (GDM group) and non-gestational diabetes group (NGDM group), Comparing the differences between the two groups in terms of sex, gestational age, mode of delivery, birth weight, occurrence of cardiac damage, The distribution of the occurrence of cardiac damage in the two groups was counted; Further on whether the neonates in the GDM group had combined heart damage or not, they were categorized into cardiac and normal groups. To compare the differences in gender, gestational age, weight, neonatal birth glucose, mother's age, high-risk pregnancy complications, and mother's glycemic control patterns between the two groups in a univariate analysis, and further performed a multifactorial logistic regression analysis of risk factors for developing cardiac damage in neonates with gestational diabetes mellitus. Results There was no statistically significant difference between the GDM and NGDM groups in terms of sex, gestational age, and mode of delivery. Significantly more newborns developed cardiac damage and abnormal weight in the GDM group than in the NGDM group, and the difference was statistically significant; There were no statistically significant differences between the cardiac group and the normal group in terms of gender, age of the mothers, and mode of glycemic control of the mothers. But there was a statistically significant difference in the comparison of gestational age, birth weight, neonatal hypoglycemia and high-risk complications of pregnancy; Logistic regression analysis showed that mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, when combined with high-risk complications of pregnancy, were at high risk for combined cardiac damage in their newborns (OR=1.796, 95% CI 1.045-3.086). Conclusions Newborns with gestational diabetes are more likely to develop heart damage. Among neonates with gestational diabetes mellitus, those with preterm, macrosomic and low-birth-weight infants, neonatal hypoglycemia, and high-risk complications of pregnancy are at greater risk for cardiac damage, in which high-risk complications of pregnancy are risk factors for neonatal heart damage.
2024, Vol. 21 
