Objective To evaluate the detectability of Rh weak (D) blood group antigen in External Quality Assessment (EQA) of Evaluatiaon Laboratory in Hunan province. Methods The indirect anti-human globulin tests anti-D (IgD) are field tested and surveyed by the stuff in Hunan Center For Clinical Laboratory (abbreviate Center), and The red blood cells of Rh weak (D) are tested by each laboratory in a way of microcolumn gel card method and tube method; The red blood cells of Rh weak (D) are tested by EQA Evaluatiaon Laboratory according to the report Clinical Laboratory Quality Assessment Requirements (GB/20032301-T-361) and PT Evaluation Protocols. Results Field testing and survey: The accordance rate of positive weak (D) in anti-human globulin card+anti-D (IgD) in field test and survey are obviously higher than the microcolumn gel card method and tube method ( (anti (IgM) ); 90% of EQA laboratories did not take Rh (D) negative test confirmation again, while 10% of EQA laboratories chose wrong methods and reagents during this process. EQA Evaluatiaon Laboratory: There are 407 laboratories, among of which 12 take Rh (D) positive test confirmation experiment, with only 2.7% in positive accordance rate; there are 60 blood transfusion management and maternal and child care institutions, among of which 2 take Rh (D) positive test confirmation experiment, with only 3.3% in positive accordance rate. The weak D positive accordance rate are lower than the standard with those three methods in EQA Evaluatiaon Laboratory, without any sense in statistics. Conclusion The EQA Evaluatiaon Laboratory has low level in the testing ability of Rh weak (D) blood type . Anti-human globulin test anti-D (IgD) is regarded as Rh (D) negative test confirmation after conventional serologic detection of Rh (D), especially in maternal and child health care institutions and blood transfusion management the confirmation experiments must be putted into effect.