Objective To analyze the application of multislice spiral CT three-dimensional angiography in abdominal vascular disease and its effect on prognosis. Methods A retrospective study was conducted. From November 2014 to October 2016, 76 patients with abdominal vascular diseases admitted to our hospital were selected and divided into two groups according to different diagnostic methods: experimental group and control group (38 patients in each group). Multi-slice spiral CT angiography was used in the experimental group, and the control group was diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasonography. SPSS20.0 statistical software for statistical analysis of the two groups of patients the correct diagnosis rate (in order to compare the pathological diagnosis of experimental and control groups, the two groups the correct diagnosis rate). Results The correct diagnosis rate of the experimental group was 97.37% (37/38, 10 cases of portal vein disease, 5 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm, 5 cases of splenic hemangioma, 6 cases of hepatic hemangioma, 7 cases of renal artery calcification stenosis, 2 cases 1 case of calcific stenosis of superior mesenteric artery and 1 case of calcified stenosis of aorta), the correct diagnosis rate of the control group was 81.58% (31/38, 4 cases of portal vein disease, 2 cases of abdominal aortic aneurysm, 2 cases of splenic artery 4 cases of renal artery calcification stenosis, 5 cases of abdominal aortic calcification stenosis, 3 cases of superior mesenteric artery calcification stenosis, 3 cases of calcified artery stenosis), experimental group, the correct diagnosis rate is much higher than the control group. Conclusion Multislice spiral CT three-dimensional angiography in the abdominal vascular disease is of high value, can be multi-directional observation of abdominal vascular disease vascular running conditions.